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Mathematics disorder
Developmental dyscalculia
Mathematics disorder is a condition in which a child's math ability is far below normal for their age, intelligence, and education.
Causes
Children who have mathematics disorder have trouble with simple mathematical equations, such as counting and adding.
Mathematical disorder may appear with:
-
Developmental coordination disorder
Developmental coordination disorder
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Developmental reading disorder
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Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder
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Symptoms
The child may have trouble with math, as well as low scores in math classes and on tests.
Problems the child may have are:
- Trouble with reading, writing, and copying numbers
- Problems counting and adding numbers, often making simple mistakes
- Hard time telling the difference between adding and subtracting
- Problems understanding math symbols and word problems
- Can't line up numbers properly to add, subtract, or multiply
- Can't arrange numbers from smallest to largest, or the opposite
- Can't understand graphs
Exams and Tests
Standardized tests can assess the child's math ability. Grades and class performance can also help.
Treatment
The best treatment is special (remedial) education. Computer-based programs may also help.
Outlook (Prognosis)
Early intervention improves the chances of a better outcome.
Possible Complications
The child may have problems in school, including behavior problems and loss of self-esteem. Some children with mathematics disorder become anxious or afraid when given math problems, making the problem even worse.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have any concerns about your child's development.
Prevention
Recognizing the problem early is important. Treatment may begin as early as kindergarten or elementary school.
References
Kelly DP, Natale MJ. Neurodevelopmental function and dysfunction in the school-aged child. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics . 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 32.
Nass R, Sidhu R, Ross G. Autism and other developmental disabilities. In: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SK, eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice . 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 90.
Review Date: 5/18/2016
Reviewed By: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, Phd, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
