Step 2: Who gets type 2 diabetes?

Return to Index Step 1: What is Diabetes?Step 2: Who Gets Type 2 Diabetes?Step 3: How Do You Know if You Have Diabetes?Step 4: You're in Charge! Designing a Treatment Plan Step 5: Monitor Your Blood Sugar Step 6: Lose Weight and Follow the Right Diet Step 7: Exercise Step 8: Drugs and Insulin Step 9: Treat Low Blood Sugar Step 10: Avoid Long-Term Complications Key Points Glossary

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Even if you know one or two others who have diabetes, you may be surprised to learn just how common it is:

In the United States alone, about 18 million people have diabetes. More than 6 million of the people who have it (nearly one third!) don't yet know that they have it.
Between 90 - 95% of these people have type 2 diabetes.
When considering people of all ages, more than 1 in 15 people in the U.S. have diabetes. For those over age 20, the incidence falls to about 1 in 10; for those over age 60, it is more than 1 in 5. And diabetes continues to get more common in every age group.
Since 1988, the average age of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has dropped from 52 years to 46 years. The disease is becoming alarmingly more common in children and young adults due to the increase in people with weight problems.
Men and women have an equal chance of getting diabetes.

Risk factors increase the likelihood that you will get diabetes. Some risk factors are under your control and some are not.

Here are risk factors that you CAN'T change:

Your age.
The genes that you inherited.
Your family history.
Gestational diabetes that you may have had in the past.

The good news, however, is that there are risk factors you CAN change. In fact, you may even be able to prevent type 2 diabetes altogether by doing the following:

Eat healthy amounts of healthy foods.
Maintain a healthy weight and a low body mass index (BMI).
Exercise and stay physically active.
Reduce body fat, especially around your waistline.
Increase your dietary fiber intake.

If you already have diabetes, these same steps can help you control it, as you will learn later in this guide.

Review Date: 6/17/2008
Reviewed By: Elizabeth H. Holt, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Previously reviewed by Alan Greene, MD, FAAP, Department of Pediatrics, Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine; Chief of Future Health, A.D.A.M., Inc. (5/1/2006)

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